Realpolitik

REALPOLITIK
The term Realpolitik describes policies of diplomacy based on power and on practical factors and reasons, rather than ideology or ethics. The word Realpolitik comes from German real “realistic”, “practical” and politik “politics”. This term sometimes connotes and implies politics that are amoral and coercive.

In 19th century Europe, this term is usually referred to the policies of Otto von Bismarck (First Chancellor, 1862-1890, to Wilhelm I of the Kingdom of Prussia). Bismarck used Realpolitik to achieve Prussian dominance in Germany, by manipulating political issues such as the Denmark question. Characteristic of Bismarck's political action was a pragmatic view of the world and of international relationships. One example of this is his willingness to adopt some of the "liberal" social policies of employee insurance, for example; realistically, by doing so, he could manipulate small changes from the top down, rather than face the possibility of major change, from the bottom up. Other examples are the Dual Alliance with Austria-Hungary and the secret treaties with Russia. In fact, Bismarck was, besides the “Iron Chancellor”, also the “Honest Broker” who kept peace in Europe by subtly maneuvering international politics.